[C++][CI] Add a C++ Windows ARM64 CI Job

[amoeba]

Describe the enhancement requested

For us to support PyArrow on Windows ARM64, we need to support and test C++ in Windows ARM64 too. We should add a CI job for it.

Related:

• [Python] Support PyArrow on Windows ARM64 #47195
• [C++] Define an official support policy #46002

Component(s)

C++, Continuous Integration

[kou]

@jgiannuzzi Could you post a "take" comment here to assign you to this issue?

[kou]

Issue resolved by pull request 47811
#47811

[jgiannuzzi]

take