diff --git a/.github/workflows/test-e2e.yml b/.github/workflows/test-e2e.yml
index e10f13ebd2..f4347d9639 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test-e2e.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test-e2e.yml
@@ -54,16 +54,16 @@ jobs:
       # we want to run the full build on all os: don't cancel running jobs even if one fails
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        os: [macos-14, ubuntu-24.04, windows-2022]
+        os: [macos-15, ubuntu-24.04, windows-2022]
         browser: [chromium, firefox, chrome]
         include:
           # only test WebKit on macOS
-          - os: macos-14
+          - os: macos-15
             browser: webkit
           # only test Edge on Windows
           - os: windows-2022
             browser: msedge
-          - os: macos-14
+          - os: macos-15
             browser: chrome
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
@@ -71,22 +71,8 @@ jobs:
       - name: Free disk space on Ubuntu runner
         if: runner.os == 'Linux'
         uses: ./.github/actions/free-runner-disk-space-ubuntu
-# START temporary workaround
-# Browser download failure with Node 24. See https://github.com/microsoft/playwright/issues/41185 and https://github.com/microsoft/playwright-cli/issues/419#issuecomment-4646958277 (that mentions that it should work with Node 22)
-#      - name: Build Setup
-#        uses: ./.github/actions/build-setup
-      - name: Setup node
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v6
-        with:
-#          node-version-file: '.nvmrc'
-          node-version: '22'
-          registry-url: ${{ inputs.registry-url }}
-      - name: Install dependencies
-        uses: bahmutov/npm-install@v1
-        #        if: inputs.install-dependencies == 'true'
-        with:
-          install-command: npm ci --ignore-scripts --prefer-offline --audit false
-# END OF temporary workaround
+      - name: Build Setup
+        uses: ./.github/actions/build-setup
       - name: Install ${{matrix.browser}}
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-playwright-browser
         with:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/test-npm-package.yml b/.github/workflows/test-npm-package.yml
index 1c44e2c947..0c61ecb1b5 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test-npm-package.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test-npm-package.yml
@@ -47,22 +47,8 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v7
-      # START temporary workaround
-      # Browser download failure with Node 24. See https://github.com/microsoft/playwright/issues/41185 and https://github.com/microsoft/playwright-cli/issues/419#issuecomment-4646958277 (that mentions that it should work with Node 22)
-      #      - name: Build Setup
-      #        uses: ./.github/actions/build-setup
-      - name: Setup node
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v6
-        with:
-          #          node-version-file: '.nvmrc'
-          node-version: '22'
-          registry-url: ${{ inputs.registry-url }}
-      - name: Install dependencies
-        uses: bahmutov/npm-install@v1
-        #        if: inputs.install-dependencies == 'true'
-        with:
-          install-command: npm ci --ignore-scripts --prefer-offline --audit false
-      # END OF temporary workaround
+      - name: Build Setup
+        uses: ./.github/actions/build-setup
       - name: Build npm package
         run: npm pack
       - name: List the size of the npm package bundles
diff --git a/.github/workflows/test-performance.yml b/.github/workflows/test-performance.yml
index ca52026a7b..eacd464bed 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test-performance.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test-performance.yml
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ jobs:
         #            triggerUncaughtException(err, true /* fromPromise */);
         #            ^
         # cdpSession.detach: Browser closed.
-        os: [macos-14, ubuntu-24.04]
+        os: [macos-15, ubuntu-24.04]
     env:
       # Performance tests rely on chromium API
       browser: chromium
diff --git a/CLAUDE.md b/CLAUDE.md
index 57b50312c3..5925984e86 100644
--- a/CLAUDE.md
+++ b/CLAUDE.md
@@ -186,6 +186,33 @@ GraphConfigurator
 
 **E2E Pattern:** Heavy use of image snapshots (in `__image_snapshots__/`) to verify visual rendering correctness across features.
 
+### E2E Visual Regression Thresholds
+
+E2E tests compare a freshly rendered screenshot against a reference image snapshot using `jest-image-snapshot` (SSIM comparison). A test fails when the measured difference exceeds its allowed `failureThreshold` (a percentage of differing pixels). Because rendering differs slightly by browser engine and OS (mostly font rendering, a few pixels, not visible to a human), thresholds are configured per browser family and per platform.
+
+**How thresholds are resolved** (see `test/e2e/helpers/visu/image-snapshot-config.ts`):
+- `MultiBrowserImageSnapshotThresholds` holds a default per browser family (`chromium`, `firefox`, `webkit`), passed to `super({ chromium, firefox, webkit })`.
+- Each test file subclasses it and overrides `getChromiumThresholds()` / `getFirefoxThresholds()` / `getWebkitThresholds()` to return a `Map` of per-snapshot overrides.
+- Each map entry is keyed by the snapshot identifier (the BPMN diagram name, sometimes with a suffix like `.ignored` / `.not-ignored`) and holds per-platform values: `{ linux?, macos?, windows? }`.
+- At runtime, the browser family selects the map, `getSimplePlatformName()` selects the platform key, and the value found there wins. If there is no dedicated entry or no matching platform key, the browser-family default is used.
+- On CI, macOS runs the `webkit` family, so webkit macOS thresholds come from the `macos` key inside `getWebkitThresholds()`.
+
+**Threshold value convention:**
+- Values are written as `X / 100` (a percentage expressed as a fraction), for example `macos: 0.53 / 100`.
+- Add a trailing comment with the actual observed diff percentage from the report, for example `macos: 0.53 / 100, // 0.5228413635451014%`. The fit test file prefixes it with `max` because one entry covers several test variations sharing the snapshot key.
+- Set the value by rounding the observed diff UP to 2 decimals (ceil), so the threshold sits just above the observed diff.
+- Keep entries ordered by snapshot key to match the surrounding file.
+
+**Updating thresholds from a CI test-results report** (recurring task):
+1. The report bundle (downloaded artifact) contains `index-single-page.html` (jest-html-reporters) and a `__diff_output__/` folder with `<snapshot>-diff.png` per failure.
+2. Parse `index-single-page.html`. Each failed block contains: the suite/title, `was <actual>% different from snapshot ... Failure threshold was set to <old>%`, and a `__diff_output__/<relative-path>-diff.png` link. The relative path (minus `-diff.png`) identifies the snapshot; note some names contain hyphens (`.not-ignored`) and the fit tests live in nested subfolders, so capture the full path up to `-diff.png`.
+3. Group by snapshot key and keep the MAX actual diff (several test variations can share one threshold key, e.g. `with.outside.labels` in the fit tests).
+4. For each failing snapshot, locate the matching entry in the relevant test file's `getWebkitThresholds()` (or the correct browser/platform) and set `macos: ceil2(actual) / 100, // <actual>%`. If no entry exists (the failure was against the browser-family default), add one in key order.
+5. Files that currently carry webkit macOS thresholds: `bpmn.rendering.test.ts`, `bpmn.rendering.ignore.options.test.ts`, `bpmn.colors.test.ts`, `diagram.navigation.fit.test.ts`, `style.api.test.ts` (a test file may hold several threshold subclasses, one per configurator).
+6. Reporting: flag any entry where the increase (`new threshold - old threshold`) exceeds 0.3 percentage points. A large jump usually signals a real rendering change or regression worth a human look, not just pixel noise.
+
+Note (from the class JSDoc): prefer NOT adding a threshold for a new test until it actually fails on CI. Discrepancies mostly come from labels; if labels are not part of what the test verifies, remove labels from the BPMN diagram instead of raising a threshold.
+
 ## Key Architectural Patterns
 
 ### Converter Pattern
diff --git a/package-lock.json b/package-lock.json
index b733701a08..e213a1dd95 100644
--- a/package-lock.json
+++ b/package-lock.json
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
         "minimist": "~1.2.8",
         "npm-run-all": "~4.1.5",
         "pinst": "~3.0.0",
-        "playwright": "~1.58.2",
+        "playwright": "~1.61.1",
         "postcss": "~8.5.14",
         "postcss-cli": "~11.0.1",
         "prettier": "~3.8.1",
@@ -2902,9 +2902,6 @@
         "arm64"
       ],
       "dev": true,
-      "libc": [
-        "glibc"
-      ],
       "license": "MIT",
       "optional": true,
       "os": [
@@ -2922,9 +2919,6 @@
         "arm64"
       ],
       "dev": true,
-      "libc": [
-        "musl"
-      ],
       "license": "MIT",
       "optional": true,
       "os": [
@@ -2942,9 +2936,6 @@
         "ppc64"
       ],
       "dev": true,
-      "libc": [
-        "glibc"
-      ],
       "license": "MIT",
       "optional": true,
       "os": [
@@ -2962,9 +2953,6 @@
         "s390x"
       ],
       "dev": true,
-      "libc": [
-        "glibc"
-      ],
       "license": "MIT",
       "optional": true,
       "os": [
@@ -2982,9 +2970,6 @@
         "x64"
       ],
       "dev": true,
-      "libc": [
-        "glibc"
-      ],
       "license": "MIT",
       "optional": true,
       "os": [
@@ -3002,9 +2987,6 @@
         "x64"
       ],
       "dev": true,
-      "libc": [
-        "musl"
-      ],
       "license": "MIT",
       "optional": true,
       "os": [
@@ -13986,12 +13968,13 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/playwright": {
-      "version": "1.58.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/playwright/-/playwright-1.58.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-vA30H8Nvkq/cPBnNw4Q8TWz1EJyqgpuinBcHET0YVJVFldr8JDNiU9LaWAE1KqSkRYazuaBhTpB5ZzShOezQ6A==",
+      "version": "1.61.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/playwright/-/playwright-1.61.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-DWnY5o3YbLWK4GovuAVwpqL+1VwGNdUGrRr++8j8PtQQzvAVZUIMjKQ90fY689sEJZJBbZVw1rXaOKSTitkzPQ==",
       "dev": true,
+      "license": "Apache-2.0",
       "dependencies": {
-        "playwright-core": "1.58.2"
+        "playwright-core": "1.61.1"
       },
       "bin": {
         "playwright": "cli.js"
@@ -14004,10 +13987,11 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/playwright-core": {
-      "version": "1.58.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/playwright-core/-/playwright-core-1.58.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-yZkEtftgwS8CsfYo7nm0KE8jsvm6i/PTgVtB8DL726wNf6H2IMsDuxCpJj59KDaxCtSnrWan2AeDqM7JBaultg==",
+      "version": "1.61.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/playwright-core/-/playwright-core-1.61.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-h7Qlt6m4REp25qvIdvbDtVmD4LqVXfpRxhORv9L0jzETM05p4fuPJ3dKyuSXQxDSbXnmS79HAgi9589lGSpLkg==",
       "dev": true,
+      "license": "Apache-2.0",
       "bin": {
         "playwright-core": "cli.js"
       },
@@ -17326,9 +17310,6 @@
         "arm64"
       ],
       "dev": true,
-      "libc": [
-        "glibc"
-      ],
       "license": "MPL-2.0",
       "optional": true,
       "os": [
@@ -17350,9 +17331,6 @@
         "arm64"
       ],
       "dev": true,
-      "libc": [
-        "musl"
-      ],
       "license": "MPL-2.0",
       "optional": true,
       "os": [
@@ -17374,9 +17352,6 @@
         "x64"
       ],
       "dev": true,
-      "libc": [
-        "glibc"
-      ],
       "license": "MPL-2.0",
       "optional": true,
       "os": [
@@ -17398,9 +17373,6 @@
         "x64"
       ],
       "dev": true,
-      "libc": [
-        "musl"
-      ],
       "license": "MPL-2.0",
       "optional": true,
       "os": [
@@ -27511,19 +27483,19 @@
       }
     },
     "playwright": {
-      "version": "1.58.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/playwright/-/playwright-1.58.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-vA30H8Nvkq/cPBnNw4Q8TWz1EJyqgpuinBcHET0YVJVFldr8JDNiU9LaWAE1KqSkRYazuaBhTpB5ZzShOezQ6A==",
+      "version": "1.61.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/playwright/-/playwright-1.61.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-DWnY5o3YbLWK4GovuAVwpqL+1VwGNdUGrRr++8j8PtQQzvAVZUIMjKQ90fY689sEJZJBbZVw1rXaOKSTitkzPQ==",
       "dev": true,
       "requires": {
         "fsevents": "2.3.2",
-        "playwright-core": "1.58.2"
+        "playwright-core": "1.61.1"
       }
     },
     "playwright-core": {
-      "version": "1.58.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/playwright-core/-/playwright-core-1.58.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-yZkEtftgwS8CsfYo7nm0KE8jsvm6i/PTgVtB8DL726wNf6H2IMsDuxCpJj59KDaxCtSnrWan2AeDqM7JBaultg==",
+      "version": "1.61.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/playwright-core/-/playwright-core-1.61.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-h7Qlt6m4REp25qvIdvbDtVmD4LqVXfpRxhORv9L0jzETM05p4fuPJ3dKyuSXQxDSbXnmS79HAgi9589lGSpLkg==",
       "dev": true
     },
     "pluralize": {
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index aad06b4fd6..401cbfb0d8 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@
     "minimist": "~1.2.8",
     "npm-run-all": "~4.1.5",
     "pinst": "~3.0.0",
-    "playwright": "~1.58.2",
+    "playwright": "~1.61.1",
     "postcss": "~8.5.14",
     "postcss-cli": "~11.0.1",
     "prettier": "~3.8.1",
diff --git a/test/e2e/bpmn.colors.test.ts b/test/e2e/bpmn.colors.test.ts
index 58f01124f4..29f41627dc 100644
--- a/test/e2e/bpmn.colors.test.ts
+++ b/test/e2e/bpmn.colors.test.ts
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ class ImageSnapshotThresholdsModelColors extends MultiBrowserImageSnapshotThresh
       [
         'elements.colors.02.labels',
         {
-          macos: 0.41 / 100, // 0.40831372531949794%
+          macos: 1.04 / 100, // 1.033599854269418%
         },
       ],
     ]);
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ class ImageSnapshotThresholdsIgnoreBpmnColors extends MultiBrowserImageSnapshotT
       [
         'elements.colors.02.labels',
         {
-          macos: 0.49 / 100, // 0.483122009334358%
+          macos: 1.13 / 100, // 1.1249364408232543%
         },
       ],
     ]);
diff --git a/test/e2e/bpmn.rendering.ignore.options.test.ts b/test/e2e/bpmn.rendering.ignore.options.test.ts
index d27437d03f..6d28c80740 100644
--- a/test/e2e/bpmn.rendering.ignore.options.test.ts
+++ b/test/e2e/bpmn.rendering.ignore.options.test.ts
@@ -70,13 +70,13 @@ class ImageSnapshotThresholdsActivityLabelBounds extends MultiBrowserImageSnapsh
       [
         'activities.with.wrongly.positioned.labels.not-ignored',
         {
-          macos: 0.44 / 100, // 0.4382175377357411%
+          macos: 1.17 / 100, // 1.1642294732319813%
         },
       ],
       [
         'activities.with.wrongly.positioned.labels.ignored',
         {
-          macos: 1.5 / 100, // 1.4951298719464878%
+          macos: 2.01 / 100, // 2.0057344642194885%
         },
       ],
     ]);
@@ -135,13 +135,13 @@ class ImageSnapshotThresholdsLabelStyles extends MultiBrowserImageSnapshotThresh
       [
         'labels.with.font.styles.not-ignored',
         {
-          macos: 0.31 / 100, // 0.30621380597637415%
+          macos: 0.59 / 100, // 0.584031268762264%
         },
       ],
       [
         'labels.with.font.styles.ignored',
         {
-          macos: 0.38 / 100, // 0.37988509633168904%
+          macos: 0.84 / 100, // 0.8385178209979638%
         },
       ],
     ]);
diff --git a/test/e2e/bpmn.rendering.test.ts b/test/e2e/bpmn.rendering.test.ts
index c195068557..dfcb16b948 100644
--- a/test/e2e/bpmn.rendering.test.ts
+++ b/test/e2e/bpmn.rendering.test.ts
@@ -207,36 +207,42 @@ class ImageSnapshotThresholds extends MultiBrowserImageSnapshotThresholds {
           macos: 0.41 / 100, // 0.40487233108913445%
         },
       ],
+      [
+        'group.02.in.collaboration.with.label',
+        {
+          macos: 0.16 / 100, // 0.15458864441817433%
+        },
+      ],
       [
         'labels.01.general',
         {
           // high value due to font rendering discrepancies with chromium rendering
-          macos: 1.79 / 100, // 1.7833883910028492%
+          macos: 4.65 / 100, // 4.644599369259983%
         },
       ],
       [
         'labels.02.position.and.line.breaks',
         {
           // TODO possible rendering issue so high threshold value
-          macos: 6.11 / 100, // 6.105183205727094%
+          macos: 6.65 / 100, // 6.6443181311426125%
         },
       ],
       [
         'labels.03.default.position',
         {
-          macos: 0.64 / 100, // 0.6346061558805904%
+          macos: 1.05 / 100, // 1.0442324603631814%
         },
       ],
       [
         'labels.04.fonts',
         {
-          macos: 0.71 / 100, // 0.703880504764276%
+          macos: 1.11 / 100, // 1.1087684739990888%
         },
       ],
       [
         'labels.05.default.position.activities',
         {
-          macos: 1.2 / 100, // 1.192492604936246%
+          macos: 2.31 / 100, // 2.303108822951705%
         },
       ],
       [
@@ -248,13 +254,13 @@ class ImageSnapshotThresholds extends MultiBrowserImageSnapshotThresholds {
       [
         'pools.02.vertical.with.lanes',
         {
-          macos: 0.24 / 100, // 0.23336351480325318%
+          macos: 0.47 / 100, // 0.4618019396829043%
         },
       ],
       [
         'pools.03.black.box',
         {
-          macos: 0.36 / 100, // 0.3576987596416892%
+          macos: 0.53 / 100, // 0.5228413635451014%
         },
       ],
     ]);
diff --git a/test/e2e/diagram.navigation.fit.test.ts b/test/e2e/diagram.navigation.fit.test.ts
index 038613e93a..5d9a3420d9 100644
--- a/test/e2e/diagram.navigation.fit.test.ts
+++ b/test/e2e/diagram.navigation.fit.test.ts
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ class ImageSnapshotThresholds extends MultiBrowserImageSnapshotThresholds {
       [
         'with.outside.labels',
         {
-          macos: 0.39 / 100, // max 0.38104004012843307%
+          macos: 0.51 / 100, // max 0.5058234845605303%
         },
       ],
     ]);
diff --git a/test/e2e/style.api.test.ts b/test/e2e/style.api.test.ts
index 9da4241081..0e3ec6e462 100644
--- a/test/e2e/style.api.test.ts
+++ b/test/e2e/style.api.test.ts
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ class StyleImageSnapshotThresholds extends MultiBrowserImageSnapshotThresholds {
       [
         'font.color.opacity',
         {
-          macos: 0.2 / 100, // 0.18895676780704695%
+          macos: 0.33 / 100, // 0.324776594957199%
         },
       ],
       [