Black holes modelled and drawn from the equations. Every picture on the site was computed here; every diagram was drawn from the formula it shows; the generators run the same equations in your browser.
Live: https://nanobotco.github.io/black-holes/
- Draw — how a computer draws a black hole, in easy words: a picture is a grid of
dots, each dot a ray run backwards through
u″ + u = 3u². Then a ray tracer on your graphics card, and a one-ray-at-a-time stepper. - Model — Schwarzschild, Kerr, the horizon, the photon sphere, the last stable orbit, no hair, Hawking temperature, Penrose diagrams.
- Orbits · Shadow · Waves · Numbers — four generators: a geodesic playground, Bardeen's shadow outline with the size on the sky, a chirp with sound, a calculator.
- Past — who discovered black holes, with credit to the ones before the "discoverer": Michell 1783, Laplace, Soldner, Droste, Stoner and Anderson, Lemaître.
- Present — as of 2026: two photographed, about three hundred heard, Gaia BH3, the JWST's early ones, the open questions.
- Future — Roman, the Einstein Telescope, Cosmic Explorer, BHEX, LISA; then the black hole era to 10¹⁰⁰ years.
- Legends — Rahu, the Emu in the Sky, Charybdis, the spaces between the worlds, Ginnungagap, Apep, Dante's centre, Nietzsche's abyss — each beside the physics it rhymes with, and where the rhyme breaks.
- Quiz — what kind of black hole are you. Nine kinds, with their numbers.
- Gallery — every picture and diagram, downloadable.
python3 tools/render.py # the ray-traced pictures (numpy, PIL), ~4 minutes
python3 tools/figures.py # the diagrams (SVG) and build/facts.json
python3 tools/site.py # the pages, into build/site/
./publish.sh # all of it, checked, into docs/
python3 tools/serve.py 8823 # a local preview, mounted at /black-holes/
Python 3.9+, numpy, Pillow. The pages are static HTML with inline CSS and the scripts in js/.
Everything here is meant to be taken. The terms in prose: for-agents.
The shapes that save a crawl: llms.txt, llms-full.txt (every page as one text file),
corpus.jsonl (one object per section with its citations), data/*.json (the numbers,
the figures, the sources, the pages, a schema.org Dataset), feed.xml, and a 1200×630
share card per page in cards/. The credit sits inside each picture file as well (EXIF
on the JPEGs, text chunks on the PNG, cc:license metadata in the SVGs).
Attribution string: Nan, Black Holes, Drawn (2026), https://nanobotco.github.io/black-holes/, CC BY 4.0
Text, diagrams and pictures: CC BY 4.0. Credit line:
"Nan · hongdam.net · CC BY 4.0" with a link to the site. Code: MIT.
Sources keep their own terms; see NOTICE.txt and the site's sources page.
SPDX: CC-BY-4.0 (content) · MIT (code).
Built at Hongdam, Chiang Rai. Contact: Nan · nan@motdang.net · Sponsor: Ko-fi · Patreon
- Mot Dang — city directory for Chiang Mai and Chiang Rai
- The Mae Hong Son Loop — motorcycling the 600 km loop out of Chiang Mai — curves counted, air measured
- Muay Thai — the eight limbs, the thirty named techniques, the ceremony, and every gym on the map
- Roads of Chiang Mai — the square of 1296, four rings, and what each one did to the city — counted from the map
- wichaa — Lanna manuscripts, the amulet market, and the traditions around them
- Hand Poke — 28 traditions of marking skin by hand — the leg-tattoo zone of Burma, the Shan States and Lanna, counted
- Quantum Computing, plainly — the history and theory of quantum computing in plain words, with demos; refreshed weekly
- Goin' Fast — a dirt-simple explainer about speed — twenty measured speeds from the ground under the house to light, and what each one costs
- The Three-Body Problem — the mathematics of the three-body problem in plain words, with the orbits found rather than copied
- Exceptional Magic — the octonions, triality, the magic square and E8, computed and drawn — a plain-spoken reading of one paper
- Amulet Atlas — amulets, charms and talismans worldwide
- Carolina Barbecue — barbecue in North and South Carolina
- Wing Country — the American chicken wing
- Pink Box — the American mom-and-pop donut shop
- Basque Tables — Basque dining rooms of California, Nevada and Idaho
- Pinot Country — pinot noir: the vine, the regions, the cellars
- Care Abroad — treatment across borders, with published prices and their dates
- Thai Roots — a root dictionary of Thai, with a word decomposer
- The index — every corpus, site and repository, counted
- Uptake — a field manual on publishing for machines that copy
- NaNoBotCo — the portal
- ฮักฝรั่ง — เรื่องเงิน วีซ่า และชีวิตกับแฟนฝรั่ง
- Offrampt — turning crypto into spendable local money, Thailand first
All of it, counted: https://nanobotco.github.io/index/ · roster as JSON: https://nanobotco.github.io/index/fleet.json