Add Evolve CLI doctor entrypoint

[josiahking]

Summary

Adds the first package-owned Evolve CLI entrypoint and wires the existing Doctor command through the Core console execution lifecycle.

Changes

• expose bin/evolve from evolvephp/core through Composer
• add argv-to-command runtime wiring with explicit usage and error handling
• add stdout/stderr stream-backed command output
• wire doctor through CommandRunner and the existing execution orchestrator
• run the default PHP version Doctor check from the shell entrypoint
• add unit, integration, architecture, and package-metadata coverage
• document current CLI behavior and limitations

Validation

• full quality suite: 572 tests, 2,128 assertions
• PHPStan: clean
• PHP CS Fixer: clean
• Composer validation: clean
• security and supply-chain checks: clean
• release consumer validation: clean
• deterministic package split validation: clean
• both vendor/bin/evolve doctor and packages/core/bin/evolve doctor pass

Current limits

This does not add option parsing, help/list/completion, JSON Doctor output, project or Composer inspection, extension discovery, route/environment/writable-path checks, generators, or interactive/TTY/ANSI behavior.